Gas

Raw material for production gas is oil. Exist this natural flammable liquid carburetion gaseous, volatile and soluble rigid hydrocarbon. Volts fully automated working oneself refine, distill and further operate on gas and others fill or on petrochemikalie. En arere oneself gas manufactured and from brown coal. This sort gas oneself call „benzin synthetic".

Production gas is bottom on distillation, which consisted on split mix liquidy cloth following their different boiling temperature. Mix liquidy cloth is warming in conclusion bin, siccative ingredients oneself transpiration, steam fall of temeperature outside hay-box bowls condensing and gather in tzv. model. Predcistena oil oneself in refinery divide into continual distillation on single fraction. Upon this primary process continuation improvement processes, near those oneself change chemical structure and separate ineligible adulterants. This of the process scission near temperature cca 500 - 550 °C oneself says cracking. Gas is mix liquidy hydrocarbon, fluid low density (below 0,81 kg/m3) and high heating capacity (above 42 MJ/kg–1), finger-light safety fuse. His steam they are in mix with air knall. Use oneself how motor fuel, solvent, extraction tanner.

Automotive gasoline is pablum for gas petrol motores (with sparking mixture ignition steam automotive gasoline and air). On sunburn 1 weighted segment gas oneself in theory use 14,5 weighted segment air. Mentioned petrol-air mixture oneself is able to burn notwithstanding by other circumstances. IF applications air volume 14,5 till 22 :1, then is big surplus air - talk about „chudobnej mix". IF turn proportion, air volume is smaller than speculative and gas be in surplus products (mixture strength to gas is in the space of 14 till 7 :1), this mix oneself marks how „bohata mix". Additional mix outside introduction frontier oneself already nezapaluju, because are too dilution or have they too little air.

U gas import their combustion characteristic. Burning introduction mix overshoot under normal condition religious dismes metre in second. Mean this posthaste sunburn, what leads to vehement thrust augmentation, that are oneself express impact against piston and this stroke oneself express how „klepanie" engine. Klepanie is privation, retrenching engine performance and near in the long term effect harm¨ engine.

For correct regime burning automotive gasoline at roll it is necessary add antidetonant or different convenient substance.

That to have been possible appreciate predisposion to knocker was she proposition artificial scale. How hydrocarbon, that is of little prone to knocker, get onto „izooktan", whom to have been allotted number 100. In cap hydrocarbon prone to knocker get onto n-heptaldehyde, with number 0. on special purpose motor oneself evaluate burning property gas in various condition and detect oneself, when oneself express knocker. Detect oneself, which mix, curtailment mixture volume percents „izooktanu" and n-heptane snare ceteris paribus. For example IF oneself finds out, that oneself gas breed how mix 95% volume one „izooktanu" and 5 % volume one n-heptane, then gas has „oktanove number 95". Knock rating then unstated content „oktanu" but talk, that oneself breed how mix containing 95 % volume one „izooktanu", stands for this then, that gas has knock rating 95 notwithstanding that no octane does not contain.

Advanced knock rating stands for high resistance against knocker and application hitting compaction proportion and thereby and hitting engine performance. Knock rating oneself at automotive gasoline raise company benefits antidetonant -lead compounds.

Gas oneself classify into lead and unleaded. Lead compounds after burnt pad one's way off from sampling gas and at old engine act as oil sampling valve, where could otherwise resort to damage engine. U modern engine, where oneself use aluminium alloys, already this risk non-threatens. Gas that are oneself makes at we've still plumbeous particulate, as far as in western country (as are Germany, France and others) oneself stop produce or oneself their production and use very reduce. Production lead gas will be stop in connection with input in european union. Car with drive on regular unleaded must apartment equipped catalyzer, who reduce secretion toxic particle in air. Olovnate gas oneself again not allowed use in cars with catalyzer, where could oneself destroy catalytic insertion.

Most frequently types gas for drive car are:
Regular - gas that include 86 octane
super 98 - gas that include 98 octane
unleaded Natural 95-gas that include 95 octane but does not contain toxic plumbeous particulate
unleaded super 98 - gas that include 98 octane but does not contain toxic plumbeous particulate

Benzin are mix petroleum hydrocarbon, that are boiling approximately in the space of teplot by marking. Obtain oneself from primary gas distiller. Are they this spectral colourless fluid characteristic gas smell.

On the part of sb. hygiene jobs are this matters deteriorative health, on the part of sb. firemen are this inflammable fluid 1. classes riskiness. Use benzin:
Benzin 60/80 - on extraction fat and oil from natural raw material
benzin 80/110 - on extraction fat and oil and for rubber industry.
Benzin 50/110 - on preparation kaucukovych lepidine and for different specialized duty.
Benzin 90/150 - on preparation solvent rubbers and caoutchouc just diluent in colour
benzin 50/160 - on preparation kaucukovych lepidine and on rough degreasing
benzin 140/200 - called too white spirit oneself uses how diluent in
texture hmot, near production waist, polishing cream

Statistics:
Arithmetic car
in the year 1999 to have been on territory SR filed 1 713 079 car. Of it to have been 1 236 396 personal motor car and 105 418 cargo motor car. From total number gasoline vehicle is approximately 26% car outfit catalyzer. Share unleaded gas still stamp mill, descend lead ill gas.

Consumption fill in way transport
volts consumption motor-vehicle petrol maybe observe lurking trend growth in consumption. This development isn't towards fouling atmosphere transport favourable. Poop about general consumption propellent hmot usher following tablet. Fuel consumption in (t) 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
gas 499 740 534 320 555 512 496 084 610 263 670 102
naphtha 627 240 698 080 724 323 716 025 745 540 780 148
gas - 780 500 588 510 510.