Referát sa zaoberá tromi významnými pápežmi: Piusom XII., Jánom XXIII. a Jánom Pavlom II., ich životmi, pôsobením a vplyvom na svetovú politiku a cirkev.
- Pius XII. bol zvolený za pápeža v roku 1939 a chránil mnohých pred perzekúciou počas druhej svetovej vojny.
- Ján XXIII. bol pápežom od roku 1958 do 1963 a inicioval Druhý vatikánsky koncil, ktorý mal zásadný dopad na katolícku cirkev.
- Ján Pavol II. sa stal pápežom v roku 1978, bol prvým slovanským pápežom a jeho návšteva Poľska podporila hnutie Solidarita.
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POPE PIUS XII
Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli, the future Pope Pius XII was ordained in the priesthood in 1899. Pius XI made him cardinal in 1929 and he was named papal secretary of state in 1930. In the 1930s Cardinal Pacelli traveled through out Europe and designed the 1933 concordat with Germany, which was an attempt to protect German Catholics against Nazi forces. He was elected Pope in 1939 and declared Rome an open city in 1943. He made use of the Vatican's diplomatic immunity status to protect many from persecution.
POPE JOHN XXIII
John XXIII, born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli) was born to landless peasants in the Italian Alps. He was pope from 1958 to 1963 and his amiability and wit made him one of the most beloved popes in history. Pope John XXIII's dedication to peace, led to his successful mediation during story/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: anglictina">anglictina/the-cuban-missile-crisis/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: the cuban missile crisis">the Cuban missile crisis in 1962 and to friendly contacts with Premier Khrushchev of the Soviet essay/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: union">Union. The Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) conceived and initiated by John XXIII to reawaken the church, affected the Catholic church more than any event since the Protestant Reformation.
POPE JOHN PAUL II
Pope John Paul II has been Pope since 1978. He is the first Slavic pope and the first non-Italian since 1523. John Paul II was born Karol Wojtyla of working-class Polish parents. He began university studies in poetry and drama before turning to the priesthood, entering an "computer-underground/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: underground">underground" seminary in 1942. After being ordained, he moved to Rome to obtain a doctorate. He went back to Krakow in 1958 and became its archbishop in 1964. This modern Pope has influenced European politics more than any other pope before him. His first visit to his native Poland inspired Lech Walesa and the rise of the Solidarity movement. To express his universal pastoral concerns, he has traveled to all corners of world/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: the world">the world and has seen more people than any other person in history.
🤔 Najčastejšie otázky k téme
Kedy bol Pius XII. zvolený za pápeža?
Pius XII. bol zvolený za pápeža v roku 1939.
Akú významnú udalosť inicioval Ján XXIII.?
Ján XXIII. inicioval Druhý vatikánsky koncil, ktorý sa konal v rokoch 1962-1965.
Kto bol prvým slovanským pápežom?
Prvým slovanským pápežom bol Ján Pavol II., ktorý sa stal pápežom v roku 1978.