Tento referát sa zaoberá kombináciou modálnych pomocných slovies a pasívneho hlasu v anglickom jazyku, pričom porovnáva dva rôzne literárne zdroje: "Hannibal" od Thomasa Harrisa a "Harry Potter a Ohnivá čaša" od J. K. Rowling. Cieľom je analyzovať jazykové rozdiely medzi britskou a americkou angličtinou a ich použitie v literatúre pre dospelých a deti.
- Porovnanie britskej a americkej angličtiny v literatúre.
- Definícia a funkcia modálnych pomocných slovies.
- Rozdelenie modálnych slovies do štyroch skupín, pričom sa zameriava na centrálnu skupinu modálov.
Introduction The aim of this work is to show how the combination of modal auxiliary verbs and anglictina/trpny-rod-passive-voice/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: passive voice">passive voice is used in language/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: english language">English language.
As examples of the language, I have decided to use two totally different sources of text. The first one, Thomas Harris’s Hannibal, is a thriller fiction for adult readers. The book uses American English. The second book, J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, uses British English and its readers are mainly children, so in my opinion, the language should be simpler to be understood. On the other hand, American English is known for its tendency towards simplicity of the language. It would be interesting to see the contrasts (if any) between these two books. Both books consist of approximately five hundred pages what gives adequate amount of material to be analysed.
Naturally, I would not only be dealing with the differences between British and American English, or between adult and children literature, but my field of study will also include reasons why passive voice was used instead of active, what is its connection with modal verbs and in what structures do they co-occur.
The research findings should also correspond with the theory of the grammatical background, but the known fact is that pragmatic English does not always agree with theoretical English. If any differences are found, they will be mentioned in the conclusion.
To boot, this seminar work should help teacher explain modal verb and passive voice connections that appear in everyday language, as well as give more examples of such structures in case the instances are insufficient when teaching this topic.
Grammatical background to modal verbs and passive voice Modal auxiliary verbs
Definition Firstly, we should define what modal auxiliaries are and what is their function. Modals are auxiliary verbs that function not only grammatically, but they also carry some additional meaning that they add to a lexical verb. This supplementary meaning usually expresses speaker’s attitude towards reality.
Four groups of modals are distinguished:
1.central modals We recognize nine central modal auxiliary verbs that express modality: can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would and must. These central modals are finite, do not have -s form when a noun is in christie-the-third-floor-flat/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: the third">the third person singular and always have to be followed by bare infinitive or verb phrase as they do not carry full lexical meaning. They all have three forms: nonnegative, uncontracted negative and contracted negative. However, contracted negative forms of may (mayn’t) and shall (shan’t) are relatively rare and even nonexistent in American English. In addition, Biber (1999, 485) groups modal according to the time they refer to, thus he distinguishes between modals that refer to non-past time (can, may, shall, will) and modals that can refer to past time (could, might, should, would).
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Aký je cieľ tohto referátu?
Cieľom referátu je ukázať, ako sa kombinujú modálne pomocné slovesá a pasívny hlas v anglickom jazyku, a porovnať ich použitie v dvoch rôznych literárnych zdrojoch.
Aké sú hlavné rozdiely medzi britskou a americkou angličtinou v kontexte tohto referátu?
Referát sa zameriava na jazykové rozdiely medzi britskou a americkou angličtinou, pričom poukazuje na tendenciu americkej angličtiny k jednoduchosti jazyka v porovnaní s britskou angličtinou.
Čo sú modálne pomocné slovesá a akú majú funkciu?
Modálne pomocné slovesá sú slovesá, ktoré nielen gramaticky podporujú hlavné sloveso, ale tiež vyjadrujú postoj hovoriaceho k realite a dodávajú dodatočný význam.