Referát sa zaoberá inváziami rôznych kultúr do Británie, počnúc Keltmi, cez Rimanov, Anglov, Sasov a Jútov, až po Vikingov a Normanov. Každá skupina mala svoj vplyv na kultúru, náboženstvo a politickú situáciu v krajine.
- Keltovia prišli okolo 400 pred n.l. z Centrálnej Európy a mali polyteistické náboženstvo.
- Rímania dobyli južnú Britániu v roku 43 n.l. a zanechali po sebe Hadriánov múr a rozvinuté mestá.
- Anglovia, Sasovia a Júti prišli v roku 410 n.l. a rozdelili Britániu na sedem kráľovstiev.
- Vikingovia, ktorí prišli okolo 900 n.l., spustošili mnohé kláštory a mestá, ale Alfred Veľký ich napokon zastavil.
- Normani pod vedením Williama Dobyvateľa dobyli Anglicko v roku 1066 a založili novú dynastiu.
/p>
INVADERS
1) anglictina/the-celts/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: the celts">THE CELTS
ü About 400 BC ü From Central Europe ü Pottery ü Tribal troop (tribe) ü Women – warriors too ü Weapons: sword, spear, javelin, chariot (fighting vehicle) ü Leaders: druids – massacred by Romans (61 AD) ü society/" class="wiki-link" title="Viac o: religion">Religion: polytheistic o Sacrifice of horses or people
ü Now: Welsh and Scots
2) THE ROMANS
ü Place: hospitable southwest – lowlands (good for fighting) ü About 55 BC ü 43 BC – they conquered (controlled) southern Britain (they didn’t conquer Scotland) ü 61 AD – they massacred druids § the Celtic queen Boudicca tried to drive Romans from Britain but failed
ü In 78 AD the Roman governor Agricola brought Wales under Roman control ü Hadrian´s wall – between Newcastle-upon- Tyne and Bowness. It was 117 km long and 6,7m high. ü Christianity ü Built roads and towns (coloniae) ü 410 AD Roman officials left Britain (they have problems at home)
3) THE ANGLES, SAXONS AND JUTES
ü 410 AD ü People from Holland, Northern Germany and Denmark ü They pushed the Celts into Scotland, Wales and Ireland ü Place: southeast corner – divided 7 kingdoms ü St. Augustin – spread Christianity over England (600 AD) ü King Arthur – he united the kingdoms
4) THE VIKINGS
ü 900 AD ü From Denmark and Scandinavia ü They were burning down the monasteries and towns and than they stole everything ü Raiders ü Alfred the Great – he stopped the influence of Danes and Norseman attacking in the southern parts of the country (9th century) ü Feudalism – result of the Viking invasions ü 1016 AD – Canute (Danish king) – ruled England and made peace
- after his death was civil war">the civil war and the winner was Harold
William of Normandy = William the Conqueror – seeing his chance of a successful invasion, landed in September 1066. At Hastings, luck and good archery skills gave William the victory and he was crowned at Christmas 1066. He built Tower of London
Saxon revolts (1067, 1069, 1071) – all failed. William II. , Henry I. – issued Charter of Liberties Stephen – William’s (of Norm.) grandson – civil war Henry II. (The 1st of the line of Angevins or Plantagenets, inherited a French empire) Richard I., the Lion-Heart – he wanted to rescue the Holy Land from the Egyptian ruler Saladin. He was killed in a war in France. John I. Lackland – lost almost all possessions in France (including Normandy); Magna Charta (1215) Henry III. – Power was in the hand of barons; * Oxford and Cambridge Edward I.
🤔 Najčastejšie otázky k téme
Kto boli Keltovia a aký mali vplyv na Britániu?
Keltovia prišli do Británie okolo 400 pred n.l. z Centrálnej Európy a mali významný vplyv na kultúru a náboženstvo, pričom ich náboženstvo bolo polyteistické.
Aké dôležité udalosti sa udiali počas rímskej invázie?
Rímania dobyli južnú Britániu v roku 43 n.l., zanechali Hadriánov múr a rozvinuli mestá, ale v roku 410 n.l. sa stiahli kvôli problémom doma.
Kto bol William Dobyvateľ a akú úlohu zohral v britskej histórii?
William Dobyvateľ, známy aj ako William z Normandie, dobyl Anglicko v roku 1066 a založil novú dynastiu, čím zásadne zmenil politickú situáciu v krajine.