Unit 1 wholesale connected with sale of goods in large quantities
oblivious of not knowing about something
primary sector agriculture, the extraction of raw materials from the earth
secondary sector manufacturing industry, in which raw materials are turned into finished products
tertiary sector the commercial services that help industry produce and distribute goods to the final consumers, such as education, health care, leisure, tourism, and so on
infrastructure the basic systems that a country or organization needs in order to work properly
to convert itself to change from one thing to another
to serve needs
to satisfy people´s desires or requirements
labour input – manual work to stumble on – to discover something by accident to be dubious – to be uncertain, disbelieving packaging – the act of putting things in bags, cases warehouse – building, in which goods are stored administration – the part of a business concerned with day-to-day problems personnel – the people employed in a firm
Unit 2 decisive – able to make quick decision efficient – doing things quickly, you need to learn a lot communicate – communicative authoritative – able to give orders competent – knowing one´s job perfectly, as well as the work of one´s subordinate
persuasive – to convince people to do things resources – something that a country has which they can use manageable – easy to control or deal performance – how successful someone or something is seemingly – apparently, perhaps efford – work, time and energy trainees – young workers still learning their jobs expertise – knowledge and skill layers – levels or strata verify – to make certain that something is true amended – corrected or slightly changed downfall – collapse or failure maintaining – to support subordinates – people working under someone else in hierarchy
Unit 3 autonomous – independent
decentralization dividing an organization into decision-making units that are not centrally controlled function – a specific activity in a company hierarchy – a system of authority with different levels
line authority the power to give instructions to people at the level below in the chain of command
hierarchical or pyramidal structure one person or a group of people are at the top and an increasing number of people are below them, it is clear line or chain of command running down the pyramid
large company – have a lot of departments matrix structure – people are report to more than one superior budget – a careful plan of how to spend the money that is available for you to spend
commission – money paid to someone when they sell something cash balance – additional money in the form of coins and notes market share – market part of something generous credit facilities – alternatives for getting money from the banks profit margins – how big is your profit inventories – goods in warehouse to support – to maintain to be in charge of – to be responsible for to be accountable to – to be responsible to
industrial belt an area with lots of industrial companies, around the edge of a city
wealth – the products of economic activity productivity – the amount of output produced corporate ethos – a company´s ways of working and thinking collaboration – working together and sharing ideas